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new post: silverbullet-self-hosted-knowledge-management
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title: "SilverBullet: Self-Hosted Knowledge Management Web App"
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date: "2024-08-22T02:56:12Z"
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# lastmod: 2024-08-12
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description: "Deploying SilverBullet with Docker Compose, and accessing it from anywhere with Tailscale and Cloudflare Tunnel."
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featured: false
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toc: true
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reply: true
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categories: Self-Hosting
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tags:
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- cloudflare
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- containers
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- docker
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- linux
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- selfhosting
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- tailscale
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---
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I [recently posted on my other blog](https://srsbsns.lol/is-silverbullet-the-note-keeping-silver-bullet/) about trying out [SilverBullet](https://silverbullet.md), an open-source self-hosted web-based note-keeping app. SilverBullet has continued to impress me as I use it and learn more about its [features](https://silverbullet.md/SilverBullet@1992). It really fits my multi-device use case much better than Obsidian ever did (even with its paid sync plugin).
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In that post, I shared a brief overview of how I set up SilverBullet:
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> I deployed my instance in Docker alongside both a [Tailscale sidecar](/tailscale-serve-docker-compose-sidecar/) and [Cloudflare Tunnel sidecar](/publish-services-cloudflare-tunnel/). This setup lets me easily access/edit/manage my notes from any device I own by just pointing a browser at `https://silverbullet.tailnet-name.ts.net/`. And I can also hit it from any *other* device by using the public Cloudflare endpoint which is further protected by an email-based TOTP challenge. Either way, I don't have to worry about installing a bloated app or managing a complicated sync setup. Just log in and write.
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This post will go into a bit more detail about that configuration.
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### Preparation
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I chose to deploy SilverBullet on an Ubuntu 22.04 VM in my [homelab](/homelab/) which was already set up for serving Docker workloads so I'm not going to cover the Docker [installation process](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/) here. I tend to run my Docker workloads out of `/opt/` so I start this journey by creating a place to hold the SilverBullet setup:
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```shell
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sudo mkdir -p /opt/silverbullet # [tl! .cmd]
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```
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I set appropriate ownership of the folder and then move into it:
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```shell
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sudo chown john:docker /opt/silverbullet # [tl! .cmd:1]
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cd /opt/silverbullet
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```
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### SilverBullet Setup
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The documentation offers easy-to-follow guidance on [installing SilverBullet with Docker Compose](https://silverbullet.md/Install/Docker), and that makes for a pretty good starting point. The only change I make here is setting the `SB_USER` variable from an environment variable instead of directly in the YAML:
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```yaml
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# torchlight! {"lineNumbers":true}
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# docker-compose.yml
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services:
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silverbullet:
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image: zefhemel/silverbullet
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container_name: silverbullet
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restart: unless-stopped
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environment:
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SB_USER: "${SB_CREDS}"
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volumes:
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- ./space:/space
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ports:
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- 3000:3000
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watchtower:
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image: containrrr/watchtower
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container_name: silverbullet-watchtower
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volumes:
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- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
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```
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I used a password manager to generate a random password *and username*, and I stored those in a `.env` file alongside the Docker Compose configuration; I'll need those credentials to log in to each SilverBullet session. For example:
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```shell
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# .env
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SB_CREDS='alldiaryriver:XCTpmddGc3Ga4DkUr7DnPBYzt1b'
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```
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That's all that's needed for running SilverBullet locally, and I *could* go ahead and `docker compose up -d` to get it running. But I really want to be able to access my notes from other systems too, so let's move on to enabling remote access right away.
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### Remote Access
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#### Tailscale
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It's no secret that I'm a [big fan of Tailscale](/secure-networking-made-simple-with-tailscale/) so I use Tailscale Serve to enable secure remote access through my tailnet. I just need to add in a [Tailscale sidecar](/tailscale-serve-docker-compose-sidecar/#compose-configuration) and update the `silverbullet` service to share Tailscale's network:
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```yaml
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# torchlight! {"lineNumbers":true}
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# docker-compose.yml
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services:
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tailscale: # [tl! ++:12 **:12]
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image: tailscale/tailscale:latest
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container_name: silverbullet-tailscale
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restart: unless-stopped
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environment:
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TS_AUTHKEY: ${TS_AUTHKEY:?err}
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TS_HOSTNAME: ${TS_HOSTNAME:-ts-docker}
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TS_EXTRA_ARGS: ${TS_EXTRA_ARGS:-}
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TS_STATE_DIR: /var/lib/tailscale/
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TS_SERVE_CONFIG: /config/serve-config.json
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volumes:
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- ./ts_data:/var/lib/tailscale/
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- ./serve-config.json:/config/serve-config.json
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silverbullet:
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image: zefhemel/silverbullet
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container_name: silverbullet
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restart: unless-stopped
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environment:
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SB_USER: "${SB_CREDS}"
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volumes:
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- ./space:/space
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ports: # [tl! --:1 **:1]
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- 3000:3000
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network_mode: service:tailscale # [tl! ++ **]
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watchtower: # [tl! collapse:4]
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image: containrrr/watchtower
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container_name: silverbullet-watchtower
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volumes:
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- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
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```
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That of course means adding a few more items to the `.env` file:
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- a [pre-authentication key](https://tailscale.com/kb/1085/auth-keys),
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- the hostname to use for the application's presence on my tailnet,
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- and the `--ssh` extra argument to enable SSH access to the container (not strictly necessary, but can be handy for troubleshooting).
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```shell
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# .env
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SB_CREDS='alldiaryriver:XCTpmddGc3Ga4DkUr7DnPBYzt1b'
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TS_AUTHKEY=tskey-auth-[...] # [tl! ++:2 **:2]
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TS_HOSTNAME=silverbullet
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TS_EXTRA_ARGS=--ssh
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```
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And I need to create a `serve-config.json` file to configure [Tailscale Serve](/tailscale-ssh-serve-funnel/#tailscale-serve) to proxy port `443` on the tailnet to port `3000` on the container:
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```json
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// torchlight! {"lineNumbers":true}
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// serve-config.json
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{
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"TCP": {
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"443": {
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"HTTPS": true
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}
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},
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"Web": {
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"silverbullet.tailnet-name.ts.net:443": {
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"Handlers": {
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"/": {
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"Proxy": "http://127.0.0.1:3000"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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#### Cloudflare Tunnel
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But what if I want to consult my notes from *outside* of my tailnet? Sure, I *could* use [Tailscale Funnel](/tailscale-ssh-serve-funnel/#tailscale-funnel) to publish the SilverBullet service on the internet, but (1) funnel would require me to use a URL like `https://silverbullet.tailnet-name.ts.net` instead of simply `https://silverbullet.example.com` and (2) I've seen enough traffic logs to not want to expose a login page directly to the public internet if I can avoid it.
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[Cloudflare Tunnel](/publish-services-cloudflare-tunnel/) is able to address those concerns without a lot of extra work. I can set up a tunnel at `silverbullet.example.com` and use [Cloudflare Access](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/applications/configure-apps/) to put an additional challenge in front of the login page.
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I just have to add a `cloudflared` container to my stack:
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```yaml
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# torchlight! {"lineNumbers":true}
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# docker-compose.yml
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services:
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tailscale: # [tl! collapse:12]
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image: tailscale/tailscale:latest
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container_name: silverbullet-tailscale
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restart: unless-stopped
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environment:
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TS_AUTHKEY: ${TS_AUTHKEY:?err}
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TS_HOSTNAME: ${TS_HOSTNAME:-ts-docker}
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TS_EXTRA_ARGS: ${TS_EXTRA_ARGS:-}
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TS_STATE_DIR: /var/lib/tailscale/
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TS_SERVE_CONFIG: /config/serve-config.json
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volumes:
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- ./ts_data:/var/lib/tailscale/
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- ./serve-config.json:/config/serve-config.json
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cloudflared: # [tl! ++:9 **:9]
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image: cloudflare/cloudflared
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restart: unless-stopped
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container_name: silverbullet-cloudflared
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command:
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- tunnel
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- run
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- --token
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- ${CLOUDFLARED_TOKEN}
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network_mode: service:tailscale
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silverbullet:
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image: zefhemel/silverbullet
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container_name: silverbullet
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restart: unless-stopped
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environment:
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SB_USER: "${SB_CREDS}"
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volumes:
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- ./space:/space
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network_mode: service:tailscale
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watchtower: # [tl! collapse:4]
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image: containrrr/watchtower
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container_name: silverbullet-watchtower
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volumes:
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- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
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```
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To get the required `$CLOUDFLARED_TOKEN`, I [create a new `cloudflared` tunnel](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/connections/connect-networks/get-started/create-remote-tunnel/) in the Cloudflare dashboard and add the generated token value to my `.env` file:
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```shell
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# .env
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SB_CREDS='alldiaryriver:XCTpmddGc3Ga4DkUr7DnPBYzt1b'
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TS_AUTHKEY=tskey-auth-[...]
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TS_HOSTNAME=silverbullet
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TS_EXTRA_ARGS=--ssh
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CLOUDFLARED_TOKEN=eyJhIjo[...]BNSJ9 # [tl! ++ **]
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```
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Back in the Cloudflare Tunnel setup flow, I select my desired public hostname (`silverbullet.example.com`) and then specify that the backend service is `http://localhost:3000`.
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Now I'm finally ready to start up my containers:
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```shell
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docker compose up -d # [tl! .cmd .nocopy:1,5]
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[+] Running 5/5
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✔ Network silverbullet_default Created
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✔ Container silverbullet-watchtower Started
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✔ Container silverbullet-tailscale Started
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✔ Container silverbullet Started
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✔ Container silverbullet-cloudflared Started
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```
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#### Cloudflare Access
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The finishing touch will be configuring a bit of extra protection in front of the public-facing login page, and Cloudflare Access makes that very easy. I'll just use the wizard to [add a new web application](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/applications/configure-apps/) through the Cloudflare Zero Trust dashboard.
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The first part of that workflow asks "What type of application do you want to add?". I select **Self-hosted**.
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The next part asks for a name (**SilverBullet**), Session Duration (**24 hours**), and domain (`silverbullet.example.com`). I leave the defaults for the rest of the Configuration Application step and move on to the next one.
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I'm then asked to Add Policies, and I have to start by giving a name for my policy. I opt to name it **Email OTP** because I'm going to set up email-based one-time passcodes. In the Configure Rules section, I choose **Emails** as the selector and enter my own email address as the single valid value.
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And then I just click through the rest of the defaults.
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### Recap
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So now I have SilverBullet running in Docker Compose on a server in my homelab. I can access it from any device on my tailnet at `https://silverbullet.tailnet-name.ts.net` (thanks to the magic of Tailscale Serve). I can also get to it from outside my tailnet at `https://silverbullet.example.com` (thanks to Cloudflare Tunnel), and but I'll use a one-time passcode sent to my approved email address before also authenticating through the SilverBullet login page (thanks to Cloudflare Access).
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I think it's a pretty sweet setup that gives me full control and ownership of my notes and lets me read/write my notes from multiple devices without having to worry about synchronization.
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